Science / Algae discovered for the first time have three sexes – male, female and bisexual

For the first time, scientists have discovered such an algae, which itself has three types of sex. Only one alga is male, female and third is bisexual. Scientists are surprised to see what a wonder of nature it is. Because this algae meets humans in this one case. Humans are also male, female and bisexual. But these three genders do not meet together in the same person. But here are found in this algae.

Millions of years ago, life on Earth started with the explosion of algae. It is believed that from here the basis of the origin of humans and other creatures formed. If we talk about evolution, then algae originated on earth about 150 million years before humans. But according to the scientists of Japan, by studying the sex system of algae, ie male and female, it can be found out that how did they evolve?

For the first time, researchers from several other universities in Japan, including the University of Tokyo, have discovered algae of every color in which three different sexes are found. There is a male, a female, and the third is bisexual. The name of this algae is Pleodorina Starrii. This is the first time that three types of sex systems are being seen together in an algae. The information is published July 12 in the Wiley Online Library Journal.

University of Tokyo biologist Hisayoshi Nozaki said that this is an extremely rare condition. For the first time, any species of algae has been found in which all three sex systems are working. We don't know the whole world, there may be many more organisms that have developed this kind of system. There are no specific scientific definitions about algae.

Hesayoshi says that these are different eukaryotic creatures that develop their energy through photosynthesis. These plants do not even come under the category of plants. Because they do not have many of the properties of plants. Nor is it bacteria. Although cyanobacteria are sometimes called blue-green algae. Nor are they fungi.

Algae are such a large and diverse group whose systems are not easy to understand. Generally, algae reproduce asexually. Do your own cloning in it. Or sometimes reproduce sexually with a partner. It is either haploid i.e. with one pair of chromosomes or diploid means with two sets of chromosomes.

Many algae are hermaphroditic, changing themselves or their sex according to gene expression. When all three sex types including hermaphrodite are present, then they are called Trioecy. But Pleodorina Starrii is different in this respect as well. Its bisexual sex system keeps the reproductive cells of both male and female. Hisayoshi's team has named it the new haploid mating system.

Pleodorina starrii forms vegetative colony containing 32 or 64 same sex cells. It consists of small moving male cells and large non-moving female cells. Like humans, the male sex cell transmits packets of sperm to the female sex cell. So that by joining it we can create a new generation. On the other hand, the story of the bisexual Pleodorina Starrii is quite different.

The bisexual Pleodorina starrii or the male will form a colony or the female will form a colony. They can have sex with a male, a female, or both. Scientists are surprised and happy that other species belonging to this algae do not have this arrangement. Hisayoshi says that with this discovery we will know the origin of sexual behavior of organisms.

Hisoyoshi pointed out that the sexual behavior of Pleodorina Starrii is an inter-secondary level. That is, its Triocy system is the system between Dioecious i.e. system with male and female sex and Monoecious which has only hermaphrodite mating system. Prior to this, all three sex phenotypes had not been found in the haploid mating system of a single biological species.

For the past 30 years, Hisoyoshi Nozaki has been collecting samples of different species of algae. They are studying him. They have collected their samples from the Sagami River outside Tokyo. Apart from this, in the years 2007 and 2013, he has collected samples of algae from many other lakes and studied them. He deprived them of nutrition to breed these samples. During this he noticed that this Pleodorina Starrii also has a bisexual factor.

The bisexual cell of Pleodorina starrii also contains the male gene. It can give rise to new generation, both male or female. Hisayoshi said that it is not surprising to have three types of sex systems in the same species, but it is new in algae. There may be a system in many other organisms that we are not aware of. This study has been published in the journal Evolution.